HPLC Purity Testing
High-performance liquid chromatography separates peptides on a C18 reverse-phase column under a gradient of acetonitrile and water with trifluoroacetic acid. UV detection at 214 nm captures the peptide bond. Purity is expressed as the percentage area of the main peak — research-grade peptides should be ≥ 98 %.
- Reverse-phase C18 column
- Gradient: 0–60 % acetonitrile
- UV detection at 214 nm
- Threshold: ≥ 98 % purity
Mass Spectrometry Identity
MS confirms that the molecule synthesised actually matches the intended sequence. Electrospray ionisation generates multiply-charged ions; deconvolution returns the monoisotopic mass. The observed mass must match the theoretical value within ±1 Da.
- Electrospray ionisation (ESI-MS)
- Confirms molecular identity
- ±1 Da tolerance vs theoretical
- Detects truncated or modified species
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
A COA is a batch-specific record listing identity (MS), purity (HPLC), appearance, water content and any additional release tests. A COA without method, threshold and batch number is incomplete. Always check that the COA matches the physical batch you receive.
- Batch / lot number
- HPLC purity %
- MS identity confirmation
- Date of release
- Analyst signature or QC stamp
Why Purity Matters
Sub-98 % peptide carries truncated sequences, deamidated residues and synthesis by-products. These contaminants distort dose-response data, generate immune artefacts in cell culture and confound any structure–activity conclusions. The cost of poor purity is irreproducible research.
- Truncated sequences distort SAR
- Counter-ion content affects molar mass
- Aggregates skew receptor assays
Lyophilisation
Freeze-drying removes water under vacuum at low temperature, yielding a stable amorphous powder that resists hydrolysis, deamidation and aggregation. Properly lyophilised peptides are stable at –20 °C for years.
- Removes water under vacuum
- Prevents hydrolysis and aggregation
- Yields a stable amorphous solid
Cold-Chain Storage
Heat exposure accelerates the decomposition pathways peptides are most vulnerable to. SPT ships in insulated packaging and recommends laboratory storage of lyophilised material at –20 °C, protected from light. Reconstituted solutions are far less stable and have shorter usable windows.
- Insulated, temperature-controlled shipping
- Long-term storage at –20 °C
- Protect from light and moisture
Batch Traceability
Every batch carries a unique identifier linking it to its synthesis records, raw materials, analytical data and release documentation. Traceability lets a research team correlate experimental results with the specific material used and audit any anomaly back to source.
- Unique lot ID
- Linked synthesis & QC records
- Reproducibility you can audit